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The maritime freight transportation industry has played an important role in the Korean economy. The Korean maritime freight transportation industry is faced with a period of transforming it competitively and efficiently in this global age. This paper, therefore, aims to identify the impact of the maritime freight transportation industry in the Korean national economy. Hence, this paper provides policy-makers with accessible and reliable information regarding the role of the Korean maritime freight transportation industry. This study employs input-output (I-O) analysis to examine the role of the maritime freight transportation industry in the national economy for the period 1995-2003, with specific application to Korea. This study pays particular attention to the maritime freight transportation industry by taking the industry as exogenous variable and then investigates its economic impacts. We identify inter-industry linkage effects in 20 sectors, production-inducing effects, added value-inducing effects, and supply-shortage effects of the maritime freight transportation industry.

There have been several studies of alternative equity index strategies which suggest better investment opportunities with higher risk adjusted return pointing out empirical evidence of inefficient risk-return trade-off implied in the market-cap weighted index. Commercial products based on these strategies, regarded as passive equity strategies, become more popular in the U.S. and European stock markets. We investigates whether these strategies are also valid in Korean stock market and our empirical results add support to their efficacy.

From Fama-French 3-factor analysis, we find that the excess return of alternative equity index is attributed to market, size and value factors and it does not show a significantly positive alpha. Even without positive alpha, however, these strategies are valuable to investors in the sense that they offer opportunities to fully exploit size and value premium with long-only portfolios. The advantage of these strategies is more straightforward recalling the fact that rebalancing of Fama-French factor portfolios involves short-sale and high turnover.

This study aims to determine the repurchase intention of food truck products based on perceived risks and perceived benefits by consumers within the context of Malaysia. Recently, the food truck industry has been expanding as customers begin to explore alternatives for food convenience. However, there are not many studies carried out on this topic, especially in Asian countries. This study will fill the gaps on the factors that affect repurchase intention, especially perceived risks and perceived benefits of food trucks products.

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted through Facebook Messenger and WhatsApp on consumers with prior experience in buying food truck products. The partial least square (PLS) modelling using the SmartPLS software was employed to analyse the data.

The results from 294 food truck consumers showed that perceived benefit, food safety, attitude and subjective norm significantly influence food truck products' repurchase intention. On the other hand, perceived risk towards the environment and perceived behavioural control do not substantially affect food truck products' repurchase intention.

The data collected were related only to the food trucker's customer that operates in Malaysia. Thus, the results might be only applicable to similar other Asian or developing countries.

The results provided some managerial indicators to improve the level of business efficiency among food truck operators. Besides, marketers and policymakers can develop effective strategies and policies based on this study to develop this industry further.

The study gives a fresh overview of how the food truck business can improve its services in developing countries. The results offer a competitive advantage and how to strengthen customer retention that can improve business performance.

In current business management, knowledge is considered to be a strategic resource that can strengthen an organization’s competitiveness. Today, under the process of continuous globalization, almost all companies are rapidly exposed to global competition regardless of their scale or type of business. However, multinational management is very complicated and uncertain and it is hard for multinationals to effectively coordinate and manage their global value chains. In light of this, the utility of multinational management based on knowledge is increased. The present study examines multinational firms’ knowledge management systems, knowledge creation processes and global supply chain performance and attempts to reveal any significant linkages between these latent variables. For this research interest, we proposed 18 items to measure four types of knowledge creation processes (SECI) designed by Nonaka (1994) and revised by authors considering the global business environment, in particular involving the global supply chain management concept. Utilizing the confirmed SECI model, 128 sample companies were classified into four groups according to the levels of their knowledge creation processes. The empirical results of this study reveal important linkages between a multinational firm’s knowledge management system and knowledge creation process, as well as between its knowledge creation process and global supply chain management performance. In particular, the current work suggests that the creation and conversion of tacit knowledge as well as explicit knowledge can be effectively supported by information and communication technology.

While the origin of Korean Industrial Relations goes back 150 years when the country opened its seaports to foreign countries, it didn’t emerge as a field of study until 1950s when academics began to write books and papers on the Korean labor movement, labor laws, and labor economics. In this paper, we sketch this history and describe important events and people that contributed to the development of industrial relations in Korea. Korean industrial relations in the early 20th century were significantly distorted by the 35-year-Japanese colonial rule (1910–1945). After regaining its independence, the U.S. backed, growth-oriented, military-based, authoritarian Korean government followed suit and consistently suppressed organized labor until 1987. Finally, the 1987 Great Labor Offensive allowed the labor movement to flourish in a democratized society. Three groups were especially influential in the field of industrial relations in the early 1960s: labor activists, religious leaders, and university faculty. Since then, numerous scholars have published books and papers on Korean industrial relations, whose perspectives, goals, and processes are still being debated and argued. The Korean Industrial Relations Association (KIRA) was formed on March 25, 1990 and many other academic and practitioner associations have also come into being since then. The future of industrial relations as a field of study in Korea does not seem bright, however. Issues regarding organized labor are losing attention because of a steadily shrinking unionization rate, changing societal attitude toward labor unions, and the enactment of new and improved laws and regulations regarding employment relationships more broadly. Thus, we suggest that emerging issues such as contingent workers, works councils and tripartite partnership, conflict management, and human rights will be addressed by the field of industrial relations in Korea only if this field breaks with its traditional focus on union and union–management relations.

This paper aims to examine the differential effects of the type of gift (material vs experiential) offered on Snapchat and Instagram (Study 1) and how the impacts of gift type and message type (informational vs emotional) vary by the two different image-sharing social media platform in a business-to-consumer (B2C) gift-giving context (Study 2).

Study 1 used a two (social media: Snapchat vs Instagram) by two (gift type: material vs experiential) between-subject factorial design, whereas Study 2 used a two (social media: Snapchat vs Instagram) by two (gift type: material vs experiential) by two (message type: informational vs emotional) between-subject factorial design. A series of analyses of covariance was conducted to test the suggested hypotheses.

Study 1 demonstrated that the promotion of material gifts was more effective on Snapchat than on Instagram, while the promotion of experiential gifts was more effective on Instagram than on Snapchat. Study 2 showed that the impacts of gift type and message type varied by social media platform. The promotion of an experiential gift with an emotional ad appeal was found to be more effective on Instagram than on Snapchat, while the promotion of a material gift using an informational ad appeal was found to be more effective on Snapchat than on Instagram.

This research used a college student sample for the experiments. However, to extend the generalizability of the results, it is recommended that future experiments be conducted with nonstudent samples. Also, the current research manipulated the two different social media conditions, Snapchat vs Instagram, by enforcing participants to use their social media and then provided experimental stimuli in a different screen from their social media account. If the stimuli were distributed through participants’ real social media account, the external validity of this research could be enhanced. Finally, future research should apply this framework to other countries with different social media platforms to confirm the generalizability of the study’s findings.

This research can thus contribute to the development of new guidelines for planning social media marketing in the business gift-giving context. By leveraging findings that the fit effect of gift types and advertising appeals differs based on social media platform, practitioners can create a more effective social media plan for their advertising campaigns. Given that copywriting and media plans are among the most important and difficult work in the business of advertising, this study’s findings would assist advertising practitioners in planning and executing the most effective advertising campaigns.

The findings of this study provide valuable insights for the development of effective brand promotion strategies for B2C gift-giving via social media.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of air mattress pressure on sleep quality.

Ten young healthy males participated in all hard surface [AH], shoulder soft [SS] and shoulder and hip soft mattress [SHS] conditions. The surface pressure for SS and SHS were set at their preferred levels.

The results showed that sleep efficiencies were over 95% for all the three conditions; there were no significant differences in individual sleep variables among the three conditions, but overall sleep quality was better for SS than AH (p = 0.065); heart rates during sleep was greater for AH than the other two conditions (p < 0.1); and a stronger relationship between clothing and bed microclimate humidity were found for SS and SHS than that for AH.

These results indicated that the both pressure relief air mattresses that were set at their own preferred levels provided high quality sleep with no marked differences.

Air pressure relief mattresses can improve sleep quality of healthy individuals during sleep at night. The results can be used to understand appropriate pressure distribution on surface mattress according to body region, and also to develop algorithms to provide optimum sleep using mattresses with surface pressure control by body region.

The present study found that the shoulder and/or hip pressure relief air mattresses that were set at their own preferred levels provided high quality sleep with no marked differences.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of ethical obligation and environmental concern in young consumers’ green purchase behaviour using Ajzen’s (1991) theory of planned behaviour as underpinning theoretical model.

Data collected from 253 college students of a major higher education institution in Northern India were analysed by using structural equation modelling and moderated mediation analysis in AMOS 22.0 and SPSS 20.0.

Investigating why environmental concern does not significantly translate into green purchase intention, the study demonstrates that the effect of environmental concern was mediated through attitude and ethical obligation. In addition, the study also found that the effect of environmental concern on attitude was positively moderated by ethical obligation. Moreover, subjective norms were found to exhibit no direct effect on green purchase intention; rather, this effect was indirect and mediated through attitude and perceived behavioural control. The results of moderated mediation analysis further demonstrated that the indirect effect of subjective norms on green purchase intention through attitude was found conditional on the values of perceived behavioural control.

The study offers a valuable contribution by signifying the moderating role of ethical obligation in green purchase behaviour. It also contributes to the existing knowledge by assessing the conditional indirect effect of subjective norms on green purchase intention which is rarely examined in the literature.

To gain strategic insights for promoting sustainable food services, especially in a business and industry (B&I) setting, the purpose of this paper is to investigate decisional factors affecting consumers’ patronage intention based on the extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) including two additional constructs of perceived quality and personal moral norm.

An online survey was employed. Out of 978 responses, 548 (70 percent) responses which reported to have visited B&I food services more than five times a month on an average were analyzed by using structural equation modeling.

The study results revealed that consumers’ patronage intention toward sustainable B&I food services was well explained by the alternative extended TPB adding a new path from subjective norm to perceived behavioral control. The impact of personal moral norm on consumers’ patronage intention was the highest followed by subjective norm, attitude, and perceived behavioral control.

This study is one of the few attempts to clarify the underlying motives for patronizing sustainable food services. The study results may give insights into the mechanisms of consumers’ patronage intention formation toward sustainable B&I food services and provide useful implications for strategic measures to promote sustainable B&I food services in Korea as well as other countries sharing similar concerns and interests.